sympy/sympy

A computer algebra system written in pure Python http://sympy.org/ . To get started to with contributing https://github.com/sympy/sympy/wiki/Introduction-to-contributing

Igor Morgado

@igormorgado

but still, I would like to know what I'm doing wrong on Sympy side.

Kalevi Suominen

@jksuom

It seems that your system is over-determined. It has 6 equations in 5 variables. It can have solutions only if the determinant of the extended system is 0.

>>> P = Matrix([[ -0.917,   0.042,   0.   ,   0.   ,  -1.   ],
...        [  0.708,  -1.125,   0.042,   0.   ,   5.   ],
...        [  0.375,   1.125,  -1.125,   0.042, -10.   ],
...        [ -0.208,  -0.042,   1.125,  -1.125,  10.   ],
...        [  0.042,   0.   ,  -0.042,   1.125,  -5.   ],
...        [  0.   ,   0.   ,   0.   ,  -0.042,   1.   ]])
>>> c = Matrix([-1.   ,  0.   ,  0.   , -0.042,  1.083, -0.042])
>>> Pc = P.row_join(c)
>>> Pc.det()
0.000998125750125132

In this example, the determinant not 0 because of the inaccuracy of floating point numbers. Hence there is no solution.

Kalevi Suominen

@jksuom

You can probably find a solution if you remove one of the equations.

Het

@hetp111

is NumPy related to sympy?

i am learning python megacourse on udemy and it is also teaching numpy, so i was wondering if it might be useful

Igor Morgado

@igormorgado

@hetp111 not related but can work together.

V Gladkova

@valglad

The lack of solutions is definitely a precision issue - if you input all entries as Rational (e.g. Rational(1,2) instead of 1/2), then linsolve returns the same as Maple (though obviously that's awkward)

V Gladkova

@valglad

A potential solution could be to define

rationalize = lambda x: [nsimplify(e) for e in x]

(this will turn numbers from a list into rationals). And then do

PI = Matrix(map(rationalize, [
    [-11/12, 1/24, 0, 0, -1],
    [ 17/24, -9/8, 1/24, 0 ,5],
    [3/8, 9/8, -9/8, 1/24, -10],
    [-5/24, -1/24, 9/8, -9/8, 10],
    [1/24, 0, -1/24, 9/8, -5],
    [0, 0, 0, -1/24, 1]
]))

and similarly for c. I've just checked and this returns the right solutions

Igor Morgado

@igormorgado

@jksuom I cant remove any variable unfortunately.

@valglad Amazing! I will test.

Kalevi Suominen

@jksuom

Do not remove any variables. There are too few already. Remove one of the equations.

There are 6 rows and only 5 columns. One row could be omitted.

Igor Morgado

@igormorgado

@jksuom I can't either, they are strict contraints in my solution space.

Kalevi Suominen

@jksuom

If there is a solution, then the same solution is obtained after one equation is omitted.

Kalevi Suominen

@jksuom

In [7]: linsolve(Pc[:5, :])
Out[7]: 
{(1.12549831271091, 0.749071392102014, 1.16564957508439, 0.96140585029474, -0.
000620954287620833)}

Igor Morgado

@igormorgado

@valglad Thanks. rationalize function worked (in fact I was using Fractions.from_float() before, this work better). But I could not apply your lambda function to a 2-d matrix, just 1-d.

I have created mrationalize = lambda x: [nsimplify(e) for e in [r for r in x]] that I do not like much the fell.

V Gladkova

@valglad

Doing map(rationalize, list_of_lists) inside the Matrix call (like I did above when creating PI) would probably be easiest

Adoa Coturnix

@adoa

I have a problem with calculating eigenvectors for a simple 3x3 matrix in sympy. Trying to execute

q = symbols("q", positive=True)
m = Matrix([[-2, exp(-q), 1], [exp(q), -2, 1], [1, 1, -2]])
#m.eigenvects(simplify=True)
m.eigenvals()

results in very complicated expressions for the eigenvalues, trying to get the eigenvectors fails with a NotImplementedError. I expect the latter to be due to the former. However, when trying to do the same thing in Mathematica, I get much simpler expressions for everything. Is there some option / flag that I can set to have sympy compute these eigenvalues and eigenvectors? Is there currently some form of limitation within sympy that prevents me from doing this?

Het

@hetp111

what are all the prerequisite i need to have before contributing to opensource (sympy) ? I have a pretty good hold of python now. Github is very confusing for me.

Aaron Meurer

@asmeurer

It helps to understand git/github, but generally the best way to learn them is to use them

@adoa does Mathematica give a simpler expression for the eigenvalues?

Oh apparently they can be simplified if you call simplify

Het

@hetp111

@asmeurer Ty, do i need to learn git or github? is learning github enough? i have never done opensource before, should i start with sympy?

Aaron Meurer

@asmeurer

You need to learn the basics of git, to download the code and push it up to GitHub

@adoa it seems there is a simplify flag, but it doesn't work

Het

@hetp111

@asmeurer can't i do it manually through github website?

Kalevi Suominen

@jksuom

I suspect that there is not enough support for simplifying hyperbolic functions.

Malkhan Singh

@Malkhan52

@hetp111 https://medium.freecodecamp.org/follow-these-simple-rules-and-youll-become-a-git-and-github-master-e1045057468f

This may help you

Aaron Meurer

@asmeurer

@adoa I opened sympy/sympy#15118 for your issue

Het

@hetp111

@Malkhan52 Thank ypu,

Aaron Meurer

@asmeurer

@hetp111 we also have our guide https://github.com/sympy/sympy/wiki/Development-workflow

Het

@hetp111

@asmeurer I am using windows, will i have any problems? or do i need linux?

Aaron Meurer

@asmeurer

You can use windows.

You should use whichever you feel more comfortable with

Het

@hetp111

I am aiming for GSoC 2019, what is the procedure?

(sorry for these silly questions... I am trying my best ,i just need some guidance )

Malkhan Singh

@Malkhan52

I'm getting this error '''>>> expr = cos(x)

expr.subs(x-1,y)
cos(x)
expr = cos(x+1)
expr.subs(x-1,y)
cos(y + 2)
'''

where will it be in code?

Aaron Meurer

@asmeurer

Somewhere in the core

I guess it's because Add does the smart substitution but Symbol does not

The cosine is irrelevant. It's the same with x.subs(x - 1, y) vs. (x + 1).subs(x - 1, y)

Malkhan Singh

@Malkhan52

yeah that's why i'm searching subs()

Malkhan Singh

@Malkhan52

got that in basic.py

Aaron Meurer

@asmeurer

Subs is implemented on the different classes in _eval_subs

So Symbol._eval_subs should do the same thing as Add._eval_subs.

Adoa Coturnix

@adoa

@asmeurer: I am somewhat confused regarding the simplification. Apparently there is a difference between simplify(a_list) and [simplify(element) for element in a_list]. With the latter, I get the same expressions as in Mathematica, the former does not simplify at all o_O. In any case: thanks for opening the issue :-)

Aaron Meurer

@asmeurer

I don't know why simplify returns a list unchanged. In general, though, you shouldn't rely on SymPy functions automatically vectorizing over lists

Ashwin Shenoy

@Ultra-Instinct-05

In the ellipse class, do hradius & vradius represent the semi-major axis length & semi-minor axis length respectively ?

It's a bit unclear in the docstring. I take it they are being represented as radius vectors from the origin along the major & minor axis ?

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